Introduction dan Conclusion IELTS Writing Task 2 - Both Views

Banyak cara yang dilakukan untuk menyelesaikan Introduction dan Conclusion. Saat mengajar di English Studio, saya sering mengingatkan siswa saya untuk memperjelas IDEA yang mereka kemukakan sejak awal, yaitu di kalimat pembuka. Dan tidak hanya sampai sini saja. Mengulang kembali menuliskan IDEA untuk menegaskan poin utama, selalu saya sarankan ditempatkan saat di sesi Conclusion. 

Berikut step-by-step menulis Introduction and Conclusion IELTS Writing Task 2 di English Studio Kampung Inggris 

1/ Essay - BOTH VIEWS

Question: 

Some people believe that studying at university or college is the best route to a successful career, while others believe that it is better to get a job straight after school. Discuss both views and give your opinion.

HOW TO WRITE INTRODUCTION? 

STEP 1: Finding the keywords

View 1: studying at university or college is the best route to a successful career

View 2: getting a job straight after school.

STEP 2: Generating ideas/positions

View 1: studying at university or college is the best route to a successful career

Why? - your position here:  academic qualifications

View 2: getting a job straight after school.

Why? - your position here:  earning money

STEP 3: Paraphrase

• Change the word

• Change the order (flexibility)

• Put them together

INTRODUCTION 

When they finish school, teenagers face the dilemma to get a job or continue their education. While getting a job helps them to earn money, I would argue going to college or university for academic qualifications is the best choice

HOW TO WRITE CONCLUSION?

STEP 1: Use the sign of the concluding paragraph

In conclusion, 

STEP 2: Restate the introduction

In conclusion, although earning money can be the reason why some students prefer to get a job after school graduation, I think that qualifications from the university or college might be the best route for their career. 

STEP 3: 

• Leave any suggestion or warning

• Put them together

In conclusion, although earning money can be the reason why some students prefer to get a job after school graduation, I think that qualifications from the university or college might be the best route for their career. Where possible, it seems to me that students are more likely to be successful in their careers if they continue their studies beyond school level while having part-time job

—————————

Question: 

Some people believe that studying at university or college is the best route to a successful career, while others believe that it is better to get a job straight after school. Discuss both views and give your opinion.

When they finish school, teenagers face the dilemma to get a job or continue their education. While getting a job helps them to earn money, I would argue going to college or university for academic qualifications is the best choice

Body paragraph 1: ……………

Body paragraph 2: ……………

In conclusion, although earning money can be the reason why some students prefer to get a job after school graduation, I think that qualifications from the university or college might be the best route for their career. Where possible, it seems to me that students are more likely to be successful in their careers if they continue their studies beyond school level while having part-time job

Eddy Suaib - Mentor IELTS Founder English Studio Indonesia

Silahkan dibaca baik-baik contoh di atas, jika ada ditanyakan, silahkan DM saya di Instagram: @eddysuaib / INSTAGRAM ENGLISH STUDIO: @englishstudio

Dan jika kamu tertarik mengikuti kelas IELTS ONLINE via Whatsapp saya, silahkan kontak ke 0813.1818.6060 atau kunjungi website  ENGLISH STUDIO INDONESIA

IELTS Task 1 Bar Graph: Global Sales of the Top Five Mobile Phone

Kemarin saya sudah membagikan contoh paragraf yang menggunakan komparasi YEARS dan GAPS.

Sharing kali, saya menunjukkan bagaimana Language of Change dan Language of Comparison digunakan bersama dalam paragraf. Perhatikan contoh berikut: 

In 2009, Nokia sold close to 450 million mobile phone, which was almost double the number of handsets sold by the second most successful manufacturer, Samsung. Over the following four years, however, Nokia’s sales figures fell by approximately 200 million units, whereas Samsung saw sales rise by a similar amount. By 2013, Samsung had become the market leader with sales reaching 450 million units.

The other three top selling mobile phone brands between 2009 and 2013 were LG, ZTE, and Apple. In 2009, these companies sold around 125 million, 50 million and 25 million mobile handsets respectively, but Apple overtook the other two vendors in 2011. In 2013, purchases of Apple handsets reached 150 million units, while LG saw declining sales and the figures for ZTE rose only slightly

Beberapa vocabulary Band 7:
- Sold Worldwide

- Sales figures, purchases

- Most popular, best selling brand, top selling

- Second most successful manutafcturer

- Market leader

- Mobiles phones, handsets, units

- Brands, manufactures, companies, vendors

- Saw the biggest rises, saw declining sales

- Close to, almost, approximately, around

- Double the number

- Rise by a similar amount

- Respectively

Note:
MERAH menggunakan Language of Comparison

BIRU menggunakan Language of Changes

PENTING: Jika kamu ingin mendapatkan skor 7+, selalu menggunkan Language of Comparison and Changes.

Silahkan dibaca baik-baik contoh di atas, jika ada ditanyakan, silahkan DM saya di Instagram: @eddysuaib / INSTAGRAM ENGLISH STUDIO: @englishstudio

Dan jika kamu tertarik mengikuti kelas IELTS ONLINE via Whatsapp saya, silahkan kontak ke 0813.1818.6060 atau kunjungi website  ENGLISH STUDIO INDONESIA

#englishstudio 

#englishstudioindonesia 

#englishstudiopare 

#ieltspare 

#ieltsenglishstudio 

#beasiswaieltspare 

#kampunginggrispare 

#kampunginggris 

#ieltskampunginggris

Contoh paragraf komparasi GAPS and YEARS di LINE GRAPH

Sharing kali ini tentang contoh paragraph yang menggunakan teknik komparasi YEARS dan GAPS yang sering ditemukan di LINE GRAPH. Berikut Line Graph yang akan dibuatkan paragrafnya

The Graph below shows the number of university graduates in Canada from 1992 to 2007. 

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant. 

Graduate numbers rose during the 15 years and reached their highest levels in 2007, but there were always more females than male graduates. In 1992, the difference was less marked, with just over 70,000 males and about 100,000 females. However, by 2007 there had been more significant growth on female numbers. That year, they rose to 147,000, compared to just 95,000 males. Thus the gap between the number of male and female graduates had widened. 

A more detailed look at the graph reveals that the overall growth in numbers was not always steady. Between 1992 and 1995, there was a slight increase. That was followed by a period of about five years, when numbers fell, then flattened out at just over 70,000 for men and 100,000 for women. After 2000, however, graduate numbers saw their strongest growth rate, and this was well above the increases that had been seen in the early 1990s. 

Note: 

Paragraf 1 tentang GAPS, menggunakan Language of Comparison

Paragraf 2 tentang YEARS, menggunakan Language of Changes

PENTING: Jika kamu ingin mendapatkan skor 7+, susun paragraf komparasi berdasarakan GAPS and YEARS 

Silahkan dibaca baik-baik contoh di atas, jika ada ditanyakan, silahkan DM saya di Instagram: @eddysuaib / INSTAGRAM ENGLISH STUDIO: @englishstudio

Dan jika kamu tertarik mengikuti kelas IELTS ONLINE via Whatsapp saya, silahkan kontak ke 0813.1818.6060 atau kunjungi website  ENGLISH STUDIO INDONESIA

#englishstudio 

#englishstudioindonesia 

#englishstudiopare 

#ieltspare 

#ieltsenglishstudio 

#beasiswaieltspare 

#kampunginggrispare 

#kampunginggris 

#ieltskampunginggris

Contoh paragraf esai IELTS Line Graph Band 7

Sebelum tulisan ini saya bagi ke blog ini, saya lebih dulu mendiskusikan ini dengan peserta kelas IELTS Online via Whatsapp saya.

Di sana banyak merasa sudah menuliskan paragraf yang tepat, tapi pada kenyataaannya, paragraf yang tersusun itu TIDAK dapat mewakili kesimpulan dari graph di atas.

Permasalahan paling banyak saya temukan adalah, Peserta kelas IELTS online ini TIDAK memahami secara utuh informasi yang disampaikan.

Contohnya, The highest amount of water was seen and increased significantly from the first to the last year.

Di atas adalah contoh yang keliru dalam menuliskan kalimat untuk mendeskripsikan kalimat di atas.

Perhatikan contoh paragraf di bawah ini:

Roadways were the main source of transportation in the UK, which transported around 70 million tonnes of goods in 1974. The amount of transported goods hovered around 80 million tonnes till around 1996 from where it increased at a steady rate before closing at just under 100 million tonnes in 2002. Pipelines, in contrast, were the lowest in 1974 at around 3 million tonnes after increasing at a steady rate closed down at just over 20 million tonnes in 2002.

Railway and Waterways recorded to be transporting approximately 40 million tonnes in 1974, from where waterways showed a rise in transported goods till 1992 before declining by around 10 million tonnes for the following three years, it again rose and closed at about 62 million tonnes in 2002. Railways fluctuated between 20 million tonnes and 40 million tonnes and closed at just above 40 million tonnes.

Silahkan dibaca baik-baik contoh di atas, jika ada ditanyakan, silahkan DM saya di Instagram: @eddysuaib / INSTAGRAM ENGLISH STUDIO: @englishstudio

Dan jika kamu tertarik mengikuti kelas IELTS ONLINE via Whatsapp saya, silahkan kontak ke 0813.1818.6060 atau kunjungi website  ENGLISH STUDIO INDONESIA

#englishstudio #englishstudioindonesia #englishstudiopare #ieltspare #ieltsenglishstudio #beasiswaieltspare #kampunginggrispare #kampunginggris #ieltskampunginggris

ESSAY IELTS TASK 2: Cause Solution - The inequality between rich and poor nations

Helloo.., kali ini saya akan membagi esai IELTS hanya body paragraphs saja, yang tadi pagi 27 Feb 2019 saya tulis di kelas C 1 Band 7 English Studio Indonesia Kampung Inggris Pare. Oia, sebagai info, kelas ini didesain bagi peserta yang memiliki target skor IELTS Band 7. Kelas ini ditempuh selama dua bulan untuk menyelesaikan dua level yaitu C1 (7) dan C2 (7+).

Diantara banyak tipe esai IELTS, peserta didik yang saya training kebanyakan terjebak pada sesi Cause-Solution Essays. Terjebak di sini adalah peserta MERASA sudah MENJAWAB pertanyaan tapi sebenarnya mereka BELUM MENJAWAB pertanyaan yang ditanyakan.

Dengan adanya contoh paragraf Cause and Solution ini, semoga dapat menjadi referensi bagi para pemburu IELTS band 7+. Selamat membaca:

The inequality between rich and poor nations is now wider than it has ever been before. What do you think are the main causes of this difference and what do you think can be done to reduce the gap? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

One of the main causes for this huge gap is the education sector. That is to say such sector in developed countries is designed well with internationally recognized standardization while the one in underdeveloped ones is more often neglected. For example, in Finlandia, there is a board that measures students’ performance called PISA, the Program for International Student Assessment. How does it work? This attempts to figure out whether students can apply what they have learnt at school to real-life situations, acquiring social and emotional skills of students, and such a program has led this country to have better income economies with high development human index based on OECD, while in Nigeria since their declaring their independence, the education policies have not been set yet. This is what makes underdeveloped countries lag behind the wealthy ones as they still suffer from poverty as in conjunction with poor education 

What can be done to tackle this? As better education is a play an important role in human, social, and economic development of a country, putting to much concern on teacher development is a must. This is because a good teacher helps students to become good human beings in the society and good citizen of the country. Not only this, they can solve the global learning crisis and close the gap between poor and good quality education. For example, when Finland’s education system fell behind in the 1970s, the government started to reform the teacher training system where all teachers would be sent to master’s level with the same high-level standardization of teacher training, and this has resulted in Finland having successfully narrowed down a wide disparity to the UK  in socio-economy background.



Hope this helps

Eddy Suaib, an IELTS teacher of English Studio - IELTS Kampung Inggris Pare Kediri, Indonesia

Gabung IELTS GROUP TELEGRAM

Jika dibandingkan dengan tahun 2008 lalu, saat saya pertama kali mempelajari IELTS, saya sangat sulit menemukan buku-buku IELTS, baik itu dalam bentuk hardcopy maupun softcopy. Tidak hanya itu, website-website yang membahas tentang tips dan trik IELTS pun, belum sebanyak yang saya temukan saat ini.

Sebut saja website www.ielts-simon.com. Itu pun baru saya temukan di tahun 2009, nota bene setelah setahun saya belajar IELTS. Sadar akan minimnya info IELTS, saya pun memberanikan diri membuat blog ini. Menuliskan pengalaman saya di saat mempelajari IELTS. Teknik-teknik menjawab pertanyaan yang saya lakukan sehingga saya memperoleh skor IELTS 8 saya yang pertama kali. Menyimpulkan pemahaman saya tentang IELTS dari sumber-sumber IELTS terpercaya yang pernah saya baca. Dua hal ini saya gabungkan, dan alhamdulillah Blog ini pun lahir dan dapat Anda baca sampai saat ini

Beranjak ke tahun 2013, jumlah website IELTS yang membahas tips dan trik sudah pada bermunculan, seiring dengan banyak buku-buku IELTS PDF yang dapat didownloaad gratis via Google. Tidak hanya itu, para #IELTScatchers , sebutan para pembelajar IELTS, lebih dimanjakan dengan hadirnya video-video di YouTube yang banyak menceritakan tentang kisah sukses mendapatkan IELTS.

2018 tahun ini, peminat IELTS di Indonesia terus meningkat. Gayung bersambut, kursus IELTS face-to-face yang ada di Indonesia pun terus bertambah, tumbuh bagaikan jamur di musim hujan. Syukur Alhamdulillah, berkat peran serta kursus offline dan online ini, dan ditambah buku-buku IELTS yang  lebih mudah didapatkan, orang-orang Indonesia lebih gampang mempelajari IELTS.

Ternyata untuk terus meningkatkan kemampuan IELTS menuju Band 8 bahkan ke 9, belajar IELTS tidaklah cukup hanya sampai pada pernah belajar di kursusan IELTS ataupun punya ribuan koleksi PDF dan hardcopy IELTS,

Anda butuh komunitas,
Anda butuh teman curhat,
Anda butuh "Dokter IELTS" yang membantu menjawab permasalahan Anda.

Yang dapat mendengarkan keluh kesah Anda ketika menemukan jalan buntu.
Yang dapat memberikan Anda resep ampuh sehingga dapat digunakan untuk pencapaian skor IELTS Anda.
Yang dapat menyemangati Anda ketika lagi down, hopeless saat mempelajari IELTS.

Dan yang terus konsisten berada di samping Anda, saat mempelajari IELTS dari Minggu ke Minggu..., Bulan ke Bulan..., hingga Tahun ke Tahun

Dan tentu saja untuk skor IELTS Anda yang terus meningkat.

Jika Anda adalah pembelajar IELTS yang membutuhkan komunitas IELTS, yang membutuhkan teman belajar, yang membutuhkan Dokter IELTS, silahkan bergabung di GROUP TELEGRAM SAYA  - ENGLISH STUDIO INDONESIA.

Komunitas ini menggunakan media TELEGRAM, sehingga setiap #IELTScatchers yang tergabung di dalamnya dapat berinteraksi kapan saja dan dimana saja dan dapat dilakukan NON STOP 24 Jam.

Jika Anda memutuskan untuk bergabung di GROUP TELEGRAM ini, Anda akan merasakan atmosfer semangat belajar IELTS yang sangat tinggi dikarenakan group ini tanpa henti membagikan materi IELTS. DAN INI SAYA AKAN JUGA SHARING TENTANG PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT & DIGITAL MARKETING, agar dapat menambah wawasan Anda


LAYANAN INI GRATIS. Silahkan ketik di kotak pencarian TELEGRAM dengan kata kunci: speakforthequality

- Eddy Suaib, Pengajar IELTS English Studio Kampung Inggris Pare, Kediri, Indonesia 

IELTS Ideas: Being Bored | Intro

Heelloo everyone..., kita jumpa lagi. Gimana perkembangan IELTS nya? Selama diasah, saya yakin skil IELTSnya pasti meningkat. Perlahan tapi pasti, gak apa-apa. Yang pastinya selalu ada progress.

Oia, kali ini saya akan membagikan ide-ide IELTS dengan topik "Bored-Boring". Langsung aja ya dibaca: 

1/ Do you ever get bored?

How often:

• Quite often
• From time to time
• Seldom
• Almost never
• Never

I get bored when:

• I do the same thing over and over again
• I do tasks that require continuous attention
• Something I do is too easy
• I do nothing
• I lack of interest to something I do
• I can’t think of what to do
• Can’t find things to occupy my time

2/ Do you feel more bored that when you were young?

• I don’t think boredom is connected with age
• I think boredom is common in all ages
• No, I have learnt how to deal with boredom

3/ What do you do when you get bored?

Bake or cook something Glam myself up Read a book Surf the net Watch a movie Organize my wardrobe Go for a walk

Call my friends text my friends Dance Sing Plan my next vacation Go to beach Declutter my place Challenge myself in some way

4/ What things are boring to you?

Queuing Being stuck in traffic jams Slow Wi-Fi Train or plane delays

Being kept on hold Filling in scan documents Doing chores Watching TV commercials.

- Eddy Suaib, Pengajar IELTS English Studio Kampung Inggris Pare, Kediri, Indonesia

IELTS Idea: Space Travel | Intro

 Jika saat kamu mengikuti ujian speaking IELTS, dan tetiba si penguji menanyakan pertanyaan dengan topik Space Travel. Apakah kamu sudah menyiapkan bagaimana merespon pertanyaan yang ditanyaakan? 

Berikut saya bagikan kisi-kisi jawaban dan prediksi pertanyaan seputar topik Space Travel. Semoga bermanfaat. 

SPACE TRAVEL 

1/ Do you want to travel in the outer space?

YES:

• I want to travel in the outer space because:
• I love space
• I would like to discover a new planet or living thing
• I would like to see the starts close up
• I’d love to float around
• I’d love to look down on earth
• I’d love to see some spiral galaxies
• It would be a great experience

NO:

• I don’t want to travel in the outer space because:
• It can be dangerous as I might get lost or run out of oxygen
• The amount of training I have to do before such a trip is quite big
• I will be really scared there
• If I had an opportunity, I:
• Would definitely take it
• Don’t think I would get up the nerve to take it
• Doubt I would take it

2/ Do you think it’s necessary to see other planets?

YES:

• To evaluate if they resources that we can make use of
• To find new things or new ideas that will help us with science, technology and medicine
• To see if there is any sign of life on them
• To find out how things in our solar system work

3/ Do you like to travel by air?

I like travelling by air because it:

• Is the safest way to travel
• Is the fastest way to get anywhere
• Opens up nearly an unlimited number of possibilities
• Treats me to some great views just out the window
• Allows me to switch off
• Save my time

NO:

• I am afraid of heights
• I cant afford

- Eddy Suaib, Pengajar IELTS English Studio Kampung Inggris Pare, Kediri, Indonesia

IELTS Idea: Pets | Intro

Topik yang akan saya sharing kali ini tentang PETS. Topik ini bisa dikatakan tidak begitu sulit, dan juga tidak begitu gampang, dikarenakan orang Indonesia sudah terbiasa dengan Hewan Peliharaan. Seperti apa pertanyaan yang kira-kira akan muncul pada topik IELTS tentang PETS ? berikut saya share prediksi pertanyaan beserta ide-ide yang dapat digunakan untuk menjawab pertanyaan ini.

1/ Do you keep a pet?

YES:

Reasons to keep pets:

• Keeping pets is a great way to improve my mood
• They give people unconditional love and are always faithful
• They are an antidote for loneliness
• They are known to reduce stress and anxiety levels
• They are excellent companions
• They teach people how to nurture, communicate and build a trusted bond
• They prevent boredom
• They provide entertainment
• They bring the attachment and fun

NO:

•  I don’t like animals
• I am allergic to pets with fur
•  I often travel on business and can’t provide with necessary care

2/ What is your favorite animal?

A dog

My favorite animals are dogs because they:

•  Are super smart
• Are loyal
• Are devoted
• Are the perfect doorbell and security system
• Make people happier
• Make people active
• Make people laugh
• Love people unconditionally

A cat

I love cats because they:

• Are cute
• Are playful and agile
• Are fun
• Are easy to care for
• Are independent

A python

I love pythons because they:

• Are exotic
• Are fascinating
• Are easy to tame and handle
• Are extremely easy to take care of
• Don’t need very much attention from their owners

A hamster:

 I like hamsters because they:

•  Are cute, small and fury
• Are self-content
• Are friendly
• Love to be cuddled
• Are very simple to look after

A guinea pig:

My favorite animals are guinea pigs:

• Are very friendly
• Are easy to care for
• Are not destructive
• Don’t require a lot of commitment

3/ Do you like watching animals in the zoo?

I like watching animals in the zoo because:

• It’s a chance for me to observe wildlife I may otherwise never see
• It’s very soothing
• It’s a good rest for me
• It’s enjoyable
• It’s a perfect break from the hustle and bustle of the city
• It’s a great way to relax and recharge batteries
• It helps me to collect my thoughts
• It’s a way for me to spend time in peace and silence

NO:

I don’t like watching animals in the zoo because:

• I don’t like zoos for causing great suffering and stress to the captive animals.

4/ Is it important to let children know about animals?

YES:

It is important to let children know about the animals as animals can teach children:

• Responsibility
• To read body language which they can then caddy over to their human interactions as well
• To feel empathy
• To express feelings of love, compassion, caring and concern
• Important social behaviors models such as respecting elders, being nice to neighbors, helping each other out and others

- Eddy Suaib, Pengajar IELTS English Studio Kampung Inggris Pare, Kediri, Indonesia

#englishstudioindonesia #kampunginggrispare⠀#ieltstips #ieltsexam #ieltstest #ieltsvocabulary #study #studyabroad #alumnienglishstudio #kursusbahasainggris #kampunginggrishitz⠀#ielts #ieltscamp #ieltsclass #ieltswriting #ieltsspeaking #ieltslistening #ieltsreading #ieltspreparation #ieltspare #toeflcamp #ielts7  #education #indonesiasuksesielts #scholarship

IELTS Ideas: Best Friend | Cue Card

Beberapa peserta IELTS mengalami kesulitan menjawab pertanyaan speaking part 2. Boleh jadi mereka terkendala akan pembendaharaan kosa kata. Selain itu, ide juga berperan penting dalam menyusun jawaban. 

Dalam sesi kali ini, saya akan membagi beberapa kosa kata dan ide yang dapat digunakan pada topik Best Friend pada sesi speaking part 2 IELTS

Cue Card: Best Friend 

Describe one of your best friends:

You should say:

• how you first met
• how long you’ve been friends
• what you used to do to together
• explain why you like this person

Ideas:

1/ How did you first meet?

Where met:

at work/ at fitness centre/ in a swimming pool/ in a sports club/ in a locker room/ attended the same hobby classes/ in a social network/ in a chatroom/ online/ on a dating site/ during a social event/ in a book club or book store/ at a cafe or night club/ at a private party/ in a park/ during a cultural party/ at a seminar/ at  self-improvement club/ at a public speaking club/ at a singles club or event/ during a contest or tournament/ in a quest room

How became friends:

• had to work in a team
  
• once started a conversation
  
• sometimes made small talk
  
• once initiated a get-together
  
• attended an English learning course
  
• attended the same classes
  
• walked dogs together for a long time
  
• exchanged telephone numbers
  
• we hit it off fast
  
• first, I didnt like them at all, but later we became inseparable friends
  
• I hated them for a good year
  
• it was inevitable that we became best friends
  
• we almost immediately became best friends
  

2/ How long have you been friends?

• next year we’ll have been friends for X years
  
• we’ve been friends for X years now
  
• we’ve been friends since X
  

3/ What did you like to do with this person?

Play computer games/ go out/ hang out/ travel/ speak on the phone/ go shopping/ go to concerts/ go to the cinema/ go to cafes and restaurants/ play bowling/ have a small get-together/ sit around and talk/ walk in the park/ it doesnt really matter what we do as long as we are together

4/ Why is he or she your best friend?

• be on the same wavelength
  
• have a lot in common
  
• be so much alike
  
• enjoy my friend’s company
  
• share special moments
  
• laugh at the same jokes
  
• trust this person
  
• can always rely on my best friend
  
• get problems off my chest
  
• have a good time together
  
• confide in this person
  
• tell my friend all my secrets
  
• ask for advice
  
• we are always there for one another
  
• will support me no matter what
  
• supports when times are hard
  
• insult each other in a playful way without either of use feeling offended
  
• will not deliberately hurt my feelings
  
• has qualities that are in short supply nowadays
  
• never judges me
  

Salah satu topik pembahasan IELTS Speaking di program IELTS Masterclass English Studio Kampung Inggris Pare. 

- Eddy Suaib, Pengajar IELTS English Studio Kampung Inggris Pare, Kediri, Indonesia